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Poster
Data Augmentation for Compositional Data: Advancing Predictive Models of the Microbiome
Elliott Gordon-Rodriguez · Thomas Quinn · John Cunningham

Thu Dec 01 02:00 PM -- 04:00 PM (PST) @ Hall J #439
in Poster Session 6 »

Data augmentation plays a key role in modern machine learning pipelines. While numerous augmentation strategies have been studied in the context of computer vision and natural language processing, less is known for other data modalities. Our work extends the success of data augmentation to compositional data, i.e., simplex-valued data, which is of particular interest in microbiology, geochemistry, and other applications. Drawing on key principles from compositional data analysis, such as the \emph{Aitchison geometry of the simplex} and subcompositions, we define novel augmentation strategies for this data modality. Incorporating our data augmentations into standard supervised learning pipelines results in consistent performance gains across a wide range of standard benchmark datasets. In particular, we set a new state-of-the-art for key disease prediction tasks including colorectal cancer, type 2 diabetes, and Crohn's disease. In addition, our data augmentations enable us to define a novel contrastive learning model, which improves on previous representation learning approaches for microbiome compositional data.

Keywords: contrastive learning · Data Augmentation · supervised learning · microbiome · compositional data
[ Paper]  [ Poster]  [ OpenReview] 

Author Information

Elliott Gordon-Rodriguez (Columbia University)
Thomas Quinn (Deakin University)
John Cunningham (Columbia University)

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