Who Verifies Decentralized Information? A Cross-Protocol Atlas of Oracle Economics and Accountability with a Stress Test of Trustworthy Agentic AI

Blockchain oracles connect smart contracts to external information, underpinning decentralized finance, tokenized assets, prediction markets, and machine-mediated economies. Yet cross-protocol evidence on who verifies this information, under what incentives, and with what accountability remains fragmented; existing datasets do not connect verification supply, economic mechanisms, and realized outcomes. We ask when AI-assisted auditors can strengthen this institutional process and when they should defer to human judgment. We introduce the Oracle Incentive and Accountability Atlas, comprising 105,588,120 provenance-aware records across 56 oracle categories and five deep protocol panels, organized through 28 economic variables. We then evaluate an Agentic-AI Oracle Auditor on 810 disputed UMA proposals affecting consequential financial transactions. Agentic retrieval increases evidence completeness from 73.8% to 93.0% and automatic coverage from 60.5% to 72.6%, but does not improve discrimination or decision loss, reduces citation validity, and costs 2.6 times more. Corruption tests attribute safe abstention to explicit safeguards rather than autonomy alone. By integrating oracle economics, blockchain measurement, data provenance, and trustworthy AI, this study establishes an open foundation for accountable, human-supervised verification in digital markets.