TimeTraveler: Temporal Strategy Planning with Time Dictionary for Streaming Video Understanding

Streaming video understanding (SVU) requires models to answer user queries over continuously evolving video streams. Unlike offline video QA, SVU must handle queries whose evidence may lie in the past, appear in the current scene, or emerge only after future observations. Existing streaming video systems often rely on compact visual memories or fixed evidence-access schemes, which can lose fine-grained details and fail to adapt the answering process to the temporal intent of each query. In this paper, we propose TimeTraveler, a streaming VQA framework that performs temporal strategy planning with a Time Dictionary. Inspired by the need to search across different temporal regions of a stream, TimeTraveler stores each observed moment as a timestamp-indexed structured caption and uses this dictionary as an explicit source of queryable evidence. Given a query, TimeTraveler determines whether to recall past evidence, read the present context, or wait for future observations, and then applies a strategy-specific evidence acquisition process. Comparative experiments on streaming video QA benchmarks show that TimeTraveler improves streaming question answering by preserving fine-grained temporal evidence and selecting the appropriate temporal strategy for each query.