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Poster

Zero-Shot Image Segmentation via Recursive Normalized Cut on Diffusion Features

Paul Couairon · Mustafa Shukor · Jean-Emmanuel HAUGEARD · Matthieu Cord · Nicolas THOME


Abstract:

Foundation models have emerged as powerful tools across various domains including language, vision, and multimodal tasks. While prior works have addressed unsupervised image segmentation, they significantly lag behind supervised models. In this paper, we consider a diffusion UNet encoder as a foundation vision encoder and we introduce DiffCut, an unsupervised zero-shot segmentation method that solely harnesses the output features from the final self-attention block. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate that the utilization of these diffusion features in a graph based segmentation algorithm, significantly outperforms previously state-of-the-art methods on zero-shot segmentation across multiple benchmarks. In particular, we leverage a recursive Normalized Cut algorithm that softly regulates the granularity of detected objects and produces well-defined segmentation maps that precisely capture intricate image details. Our work highlights the remarkably accurate semantic knowledge embedded within diffusion UNet encoders that could then serve as foundation vision encoders for downstream tasks.

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