Directionally Correct Views in Portfolio Optimization

Portfolio optimization techniques often use historical data to estimate parameters for Markowitz-type or ML models. Effective allocation requires a way to align the available data with conditions expected over the investment horizon. Inspired by the Black–Litterman framework, we ask whether incorporating expert views leads to better portfolio allocations. In a simple Markowitz setting, we show that even a small amount of directionally correct information can materially improve investment decisions. We also discuss how expert views can be incorporated in end-to-end portfolio models using entropy-based ideas. Somewhat surprisingly, our empirical results indicate that simpler Markowitz-type model perform as well as an end-to-end model, once directionally correct experts are incorporated.